GRANT
NUMBER:
NA36FD0099
NMFS NUMBER: 92-NER-050
REPORT
TITLE:
Domestication of Lake Whitefish-Protein and Amino Acid
Requirement to Optimize Feed Utilization And Growth
AUTHOR:
Dabrowski, Konrad
PUBLISH
DATE:
November 13, 1996
AVAILABLE
FROM:
National Marine Fisheries Service, Northeast Region, One
Blackburn Drive, Gloucester, MA 01930-2298. PHONE:
(978) 281-9256
ABSTRACT

This project
studied the requirements for protein and ten essential
amino acids for maximizing growth and optimizing feed
utilization in cultured lake whitefish. Through a series
of feeding experiments, it determined the quantitative
requirement for protein and limiting essential amino acids.
Protein requirement was estimated with practical, fish
meal-based diets. Weight gain and tissue free amino
acids were used as criteria to determine the optimum protein
level for growth, which was estimated at 36.5% in the
whitefish grow-out phase. Aspartate aminotransferase was
characterized in whitefish as an indicator for protein
metabolism. Muscle and liver lipids were characterized
in whitefish that were fed experimental diets in captivity
to marketable size; results indicated enriched levels
of polyunsaturated fatty acids (important in human nutrition)
in muscle. A broken-line model was used to establish the
optimum protein level, and free amino acid concentrations
in tissues were used as supporting evidence for physiologically
meaningful conclusions. The optimum level of arginine
and lysine in the whitefish diet is 1.2-1.5% of dry diet.
Changes in free amino acids followed increased levels
of these limiting amino acids. Evidence has been
presented that a dietary pH around 7.0 improves semi-purified
diet utilization; however, further studies must concentrate
on increased diet palatability and acceptability.
This project resulted in production of the first generation
of "domesticated" lake whitefish. Further nutritional
studies with domesticated whitefish will accelerate development
of diets specifically formulated for this potential new
aquaculture species in the Great Lakes region.