2008 List of Fisheries (LOF)
Table 1 - Commercial Fisheries in the Pacific Ocean
| Fishery Description | Estimated # of vessels/ persons | Marine mammal species/stocks incidentally killed/injured |
|---|---|---|
Category I |
||
| GILLNET FISHERIES: | ||
CA angel shark/halibut and |
58 |
California sea lion, U.S. |
CA/OR thresher shark/swordfish drift gillnet (≥14 in. mesh) |
85 |
California sea lion, U.S. |
GILLNET FISHERIES: |
||
HI swordfish, tuna, billfish, mahi mahi, wahoo, oceanic sharks longline/set line |
140 |
Blainville's beaked whale, HI |
Category II |
||
| GILLNET FISHERIES: | ||
AK Bristol Bay salmon drift gillnet 2 |
1,903 |
Beluga whale, Bristol Bay |
AK Bristol Bay salmon set gillnet 2 |
1,014 |
Beluga whale, Bristol Bay |
AK Cook Inlet salmon set gillnet |
745 |
Beluga whale, Cook Inlet |
AK Cook Inlet salmon drift gillnet |
576 |
Beluga whale, Cook Inlet |
AK Kodiak salmon set gillnet |
188 |
Harbor porpoise, GOA 1 |
AK Metlakatla/Annette Island salmon drift gillnet 2 |
60 |
None documented |
AK Peninsula/Aleutian Islands salmon drift gillnet 2 |
164 |
Dall's porpoise, AK |
AK Peninsula/Aleutian Islands salmon set gillnet 2 |
116 |
Harbor porpoise, Bering Sea |
AK Prince William Sound salmon drift gillnet |
541 |
Dall's porpoise, AK |
AK Southeast salmon drift gillnet |
481 |
Dall's porpoise, AK |
AK Yakutat salmon set gillnet 2 |
170 |
Gray whale, Eastern North Pacific |
CA yellowtail, barracuda, and white seabass drift gillnet fishery (mesh size ≥3.5 in and <14 in) |
24 |
California sea lion, U.S. |
WA Puget Sound Region salmon drift gillnet (includes all inland waters south of US-Canada border and eastward of the Bonilla-Tatoosh line-Treaty Indian fishing is excluded) |
210 |
Dall's porpoise, CA/OR/WA |
| PURSE SEINE FISHERIES: | ||
AK Southeast salmon purse seine |
416 |
Humpback whale, Central North Pacific 1 |
AK Cook Inlet salmon purse seine |
82 |
Humpback whale, Central North Pacific 1 |
AK Kodiak salmon purse seine |
370 |
Humpback whale, Central North Pacific 1 |
CA anchovy, mackerel, sardine purse seine |
63 |
Bottlenose dolphin, CA/OR/WA offshore 1 |
CA squid purse seine |
71 |
Common dolphin, unknown |
CA tuna purse seine 2 |
10 |
None documented |
| TRAWL FISHERIES: | ||
AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands flatfish trawl |
26 |
Bearded seal, AK |
AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands pollock trawl |
120 |
Dall's porpoise, AK |
GILLNET FISHERIES: |
||
AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands Pacific cod longline |
114 |
Killer whale, AK resident 1 |
CA pelagic longline 2 |
6 |
California sea lion, U.S. |
POT, RING NET, AND TRAP FISHERIES: |
||
AK Bering Sea sablefish pot |
6 |
Humpback whale, Central North Pacific 1 |
Category III |
||
| GILLNET FISHERIES: | ||
AK Kuskokwim, Yukon, Norton Sound, Kotzebue salmon gillnet |
1,922 |
Harbor porpoise, Bering Sea |
AK miscellaneous finfish set gillnet |
3 |
Steller sea lion, Western U.S. |
AK Prince William Sound salmon set gillnet |
30 |
Harbor seal, GOA |
AK roe herring and food/bait herring gillnet |
2,034 |
None documented |
CA set gillnet (mesh size <3.5 inches) |
304 |
None documented |
HI inshore gillnet |
5 |
Bottlenose dolphin, HI |
WA Grays Harbor salmon drift gillnet (excluding treaty Tribal fishing) |
24 |
Harbor seal, OR/WA coast |
WA/OR herring, smelt, shad, sturgeon, bottom fish, mullet, perch, rockfish gillnet |
913 |
None documented |
WA/OR lower Columbia River (includes tributaries) drift gillnet |
110 |
California sea lion, U.S. |
WA Willapa Bay drift gillnet |
82 |
Harbor seal, OR/WA coast |
PURSE SEINE, BEACH SEINE, ROUND HAUL AND THROW NET FISHERIES: |
||
AK Metlakatla salmon purse seine |
10 |
None documented |
AK miscellaneous finfish beach seine |
1 |
None documented |
AK miscellaneous finfish purse seine |
3 |
None documented |
AK octopus/squid purse seine |
2 |
None documented |
AK roe herring and food/bait herring beach seine |
8 |
None documented |
AK roe herring and food/bait herring purse seine |
624 |
None documented |
AK salmon beach seine |
34 |
None documented |
AK salmon purse seine (except Southeast Alaska, which is in Category II) |
953 |
Harbor seal, GOA |
WA/OR sardine purse seine |
42 |
None documented |
HI Kona crab loop net |
42 |
None documented |
HI opelu/akule net |
12 |
None documented |
HI inshore purse seine |
23 |
None documented |
HI throw net, cast net |
14 |
None documented |
WA (all species) beach seine or drag seine |
235 |
None documented |
WA/OR herring, smelt, squid purse seine or lampara |
130 |
None documented |
WA salmon purse seine |
440 |
None documented |
WA salmon reef net |
53 |
None documented |
DIP NET FISHERIES: |
||
CA squid dip net |
115 |
None documented |
WA/OR smelt, herring dip net |
119 |
None documented |
MARINE AQUACULTURE FISHERIES: |
||
CA marine shellfish aquaculture |
unknown |
None documented |
CA salmon enhancement rearing pen |
>1 |
None documented |
CA white seabass enhancement net pens |
13 |
California sea lion, U.S. |
HI offshore pen culture |
2 |
None documented |
OR salmon ranch |
1 |
None documented |
WA/OR salmon net pens |
14 |
California sea lion, U.S. |
TROLL FISHERIES: |
||
AK North Pacific halibut, AK bottom fish, WA/OR/CA albacore, groundfish, bottom fish, CA halibut non-salmonid troll fisheries |
1,530 (330 AK) |
None documented |
AK salmon troll |
2,335 |
Steller sea lion, Eastern U.S. |
American Samoa tuna troll |
<50 |
None documented |
CA/OR/WA salmon troll |
4,300 |
None documented |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands tuna troll |
88 |
None documented |
Guam tuna troll |
401 |
None documented |
HI trolling, rod and reel |
1,321 |
None documented |
GILLNET FISHERIES: |
||
AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands Greenland turbot longline |
12 |
Killer whale, AK resident |
AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands rockfish longline |
17 |
None documented |
AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands sablefish longline |
63 |
None documented |
AK Gulf of Alaska halibut longline |
1,302 |
None documented |
AK Gulf of Alaska Pacific cod longline |
440 |
None documented |
AK Gulf of Alaska rockfish longline |
421 |
None documented |
AK Gulf of Alaska sablefish longline |
412 |
Sperm whale, North Pacific |
AK halibut longline/set line (State and Federal waters) |
3,079 |
Steller sea lion, Western U.S. |
AK octopus/squid longline |
7 |
None documented |
AK State-managed waters groundfish longline/setline (including sablefish, rockfish, and miscellaneous finfish) |
731 |
None documented |
American Samoa longline |
60 |
None documented |
WA/OR/CA groundfish, bottomfish longline/set line |
367 |
None documented |
WA/OR North Pacific halibut longline/set line |
350 |
None documented |
| TRAWL FISHERIES: | ||
AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands Atka mackerel trawl |
8 |
Steller sea lion, Western U.S. |
AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands Pacific cod trawl |
87 |
Harbor seal, Bering Sea |
AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands rockfish trawl |
9 |
None documented |
AK Gulf of Alaska flatfish trawl |
52 |
None documented |
AK Gulf of Alaska Pacific cod trawl |
101 |
Steller sea lion, Western U.S. |
AK Gulf of Alaska pollock trawl |
83 |
Fin whale, Northeast Pacific |
AK Gulf of Alaska rockfish trawl |
45 |
None documented |
AK food/bait herring trawl |
3 |
None documented |
AK miscellaneous finfish otter or beam trawl |
6 |
None documented |
AK shrimp otter trawl and beam trawl (statewide and Cook Inlet) |
58 |
None documented |
AK State-managed waters of Cook Inlet, Kachemak Bay, Prince William Sound, Southeast AK groundfish trawl |
2 |
None documented |
CA halibut bottom trawl |
53 |
None documented |
WA/OR/CA groundfish trawl |
160-180 |
California sea lion, U.S. |
WA/OR/CA shrimp trawl |
300 |
None documented |
POT, RING NET, AND TRAP FISHERIES: |
||
AK Aleutian Islands sablefish pot |
8 |
None documented |
AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands Pacific cod pot |
76 |
None documented |
AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands crab pot |
329 |
None documented |
AK Gulf of Alaska crab pot |
unknown |
None documented |
AK Gulf of Alaska Pacific cod pot |
154 |
Harbor seal, GOA |
AK Southeast Alaska crab pot |
unknown |
Humpback whale, Central North Pacific (Southeast AK) |
AK Southeast Alaska shrimp pot |
unknown |
Humpback whale, Central North Pacific (Southeast AK) |
AK octopus/squid pot |
72 |
None documented |
AK snail pot |
2 |
None documented |
CA lobster, prawn, shrimp, rock crab, fish pot |
608 |
Gray whale, Eastern North Pacific |
OR/CA hagfish pot or trap |
25 |
None documented |
WA/OR/CA crab pot |
1,478 |
Gray whale, Eastern North Pacific |
WA/OR/CA sablefish pot |
176 |
None documented |
WA/OR shrimp pot/trap |
254 |
None documented |
HI crab trap |
22 |
None documented |
HI fish trap |
19 |
None documented |
HI lobster trap |
0 |
Hawaiian monk seal |
HI shrimp trap |
5 |
None documented |
HANDLINE AND JIG FISHERIES: |
||
AK miscellaneous finfish handline and mechanical jig |
100 |
None documented |
AK North Pacific halibut handline and mechanical jig |
93 |
None documented |
AK octopus/squid handline |
2 |
None documented |
American Samoa bottomfish |
<50 |
None documented |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands bottomfish |
<50 |
None documented |
Guam bottomfish |
200 |
None documented |
HI aku boat, pole and line |
4 |
None documented |
HI Main Hawaiian Islands, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands deep sea bottomfish |
300 |
Hawaiian monk seal |
HI inshore handline |
307 |
None documented |
HI tuna handline |
298 |
Hawaiian monk seal |
WA groundfish, bottomfish jig |
679 |
None documented |
Western Pacific squid jig |
6 |
None documented |
HARPOON FISHERIES: |
||
CA swordfish harpoon |
30 |
None documented |
POUND NET/WEIR FISHERIES: | ||
AK herring spawn on kelp pound net |
452 |
None documented |
AK Southeast herring roe/food/bait pound net |
3 |
None documented |
WA herring brush weir |
1 |
None documented |
BAIT PENS: |
||
WA/OR/CA bait pens |
13 |
California sea lion, U.S. |
DREDGE FISHERIES: |
||
Coastwide scallop dredge |
108 (12 AK) |
None documented |
DIVE, HAND/MECHANICAL COLLECTION FISHERIES: |
||
AK abalone |
0 |
None documented |
AK clam |
156 |
None documented |
WA herring spawn on kelp |
4 |
None documented |
AK dungeness crab |
3 |
None documented |
AK herring spawn on kelp |
363 |
None documented |
AK urchin and other fish/shellfish |
471 |
None documented |
CA abalone |
0 |
None documented |
CA sea urchin |
583 |
None documented |
HI black coral diving |
1 |
None documented |
HI fish pond |
N/A |
None documented |
HI handpick |
37 |
None documented |
HI lobster diving |
19 |
None documented |
HI squiding, spear |
91 |
None documented |
WA/CA kelp |
4 |
None documented |
WA/OR sea urchin, other clam, octopus, oyster, sea cucumber, scallop, ghost shrimp hand, dive, or mechanical collection |
637 |
None documented |
WA shellfish aquaculture |
684 |
None documented |
COMMERCIAL PASSENGER FISHING VESSEL (CHARTER BOAT) FISHERIES: |
||
AK/WA/OR/CA commercial passenger fishing vessel |
>7,000 (1,107 AK) |
Killer whale, stock unknown |
HI charter vessel |
114 |
None documented |
LIVE FINFISH/SHELLFISH FISHERIES: |
||
CA finfish and shellfish live trap/hook-and-line |
93 |
None documented |
List of Abbreviations and Symbols Used in Table 1: AK - Alaska; CA - California; GOA - Gulf of Alaska; HI - Hawaii; OR - Oregon; WA - Washington; 1 - Fishery classified based on serious injuries and mortalities of this stock, which are greater than 1 percent of the stock's PBR; 2 - Fishery classified by analogy.
Table 2 - Commercial Fisheries in the Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean
| Fishery Description | Estimated # of vessels/ persons | Marine mammal species/stocks incidentally killed/injured |
|---|---|---|
Category I |
||
| GILLNET FISHERIES: | ||
Mid-Atlantic gillnet |
>670 |
Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal 1 |
Northeast sink gillnet |
341 |
Bottlenose dolphin, WNA offshore |
LONGLINE FISHERIES: |
||
Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico large pelagics longline |
94 |
Atlantic spotted dolphin, Northern GMX |
TRAP/POT FISHERIES: |
||
Northeast/Mid-Atlantic American lobster trap/pot |
13,000 |
Fin whale, WNA |
Category II |
||
| GILLNET FISHERIES: | ||
Chesapeake Bay inshore gillnet 2 |
45 |
None documented |
Gulf of Mexico gillnet 2 |
724 |
Bottlenose dolphin, Eastern GMX coastal |
NC inshore gillnet |
94 |
Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal 1 |
Northeast anchored float gillnet 2 |
133 |
Harbor seal, WNA |
Northeast drift gillnet 2 |
unknown |
None documented |
Southeast Atlantic gillnet 2 |
779 |
Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal |
Southeastern U.S. Atlantic shark gillnet |
30 |
Atlantic spotted dolphin, WNA |
| TRAWL FISHERIES: | ||
Mid-Atlantic mid-water trawl (including pair trawl) |
620 |
Bottlenose dolphin, WNA offshore |
Mid-Atlantic bottom trawl |
>1,000 |
Common dolphin, WNA 1 |
Mid-Atlantic flynet 2 |
21 |
None documented |
Northeast mid-water trawl (including pair trawl) |
17 |
Harbor seal, WNA |
Northeast bottom trawl |
1,052 |
Common dolphin, WNA |
TRAP/POT FISHERIES: |
||
Atlantic blue crab trap/pot |
>16,000 |
Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal 1 |
Atlantic mixed species trap/pot 2 |
unknown |
Fin whale, WNA |
| PURSE SEINE FISHERIES: | ||
Gulf of Mexico menhaden purse seine |
40-42 |
Bottlenose dolphin, Eastern GMX coastal |
Mid-Atlantic menhaden purse seine 2 |
22 |
Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal |
HAUL/BEACH SEINE FISHERIES: |
||
Mid-Atlantic haul/beach seine |
25 |
Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal 1 |
NC long haul seine |
33 |
Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal 1 |
STOP NET FISHERIES: |
||
NC roe mullet stop net |
13 |
Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal 1 |
POUND NET FISHERIES: |
||
VA pound net |
187 |
Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal 1 |
Category III |
||
| GILLNET FISHERIES: | ||
Caribbean gillnet |
>991 |
Dwarf sperm whale, WNA |
DE River inshore gillnet |
60 |
None documented |
Long Island Sound inshore gillnet |
20 |
None documented |
RI, southern MA (to Monomoy Island), and NY Bight (Raritan and Lower NY Bays) inshore gillnet |
32 |
None documented |
Southeast Atlantic inshore gillnet |
unknown |
None documented |
| TRAWL FISHERIES: | ||
Atlantic shellfish bottom trawl |
972 |
None documented |
Gulf of Mexico butterfish trawl |
2 |
Bottlenose dolphin, Northern GMX oceanic |
Gulf of Mexico mixed species trawl |
20 |
None documented |
GA cannonball jellyfish trawl |
1 |
None documented |
Southeastern U.S. Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico shrimp trawl |
>18,000 |
Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal |
MARINE AQUACULTURE FISHERIES: |
||
Finfish aquaculture |
48 |
Harbor seal, WNA |
Shellfish aquaculture |
unknown |
None documented |
| PURSE SEINE FISHERIES: | ||
Gulf of Maine Atlantic herring purse seine |
30 |
Harbor seal, WNA |
Gulf of Maine menhaden purse seine |
50 |
None documented |
FL West Coast sardine purse seine |
10 |
Bottlenose dolphin, Eastern GMX coastal |
U.S. Atlantic tuna purse seine |
5 |
Long-finned pilot whale, WNA |
LONGLINE/HOOK-AND-LINE FISHERIES: |
||
Northeast/Mid-Atlantic bottom longline/hook-and-line |
46 |
None documented |
Gulf of Maine, U.S. Mid-Atlantic tuna, shark swordfish hook-and-line/harpoon |
26,223 |
Humpback whale, Gulf of Maine |
Southeastern U.S. Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean snapper-grouper and other reef fish bottom longline/hook-and-line |
>5,000 |
None documented |
Southeastern U.S. Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico shark bottom longline/hook-and-line |
<125 |
Bottlenose dolphin, Eastern GMX coastal |
Southeastern U.S. Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean pelagic hook-and-line/harpoon |
1,446 |
None documented |
TRAP/POT FISHERIES |
||
Caribbean mixed species trap/pot |
>501 |
None documented |
Caribbean spiny lobster trap/pot |
>197 |
None documented |
FL spiny lobster trap/pot |
2,145 |
Bottlenose dolphin, Eastern GMX coastal |
Gulf of Mexico blue crab trap/pot |
4,113 |
Bottlenose dolphin, Western GMX coastal |
Gulf of Mexico mixed species trap/pot |
unknown |
None documented |
Southeastern U.S. Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico golden crab trap/pot |
10 |
None documented |
Southeastern U.S. Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico stone crab trap/pot |
4,453 |
None documented |
U.S. Mid-Atlantic eel trap/pot |
>700 |
None documented |
STOP SEINE/WEIR/POUND NET FISHERIES: |
||
Gulf of Maine herring and Atlantic mackerel stop seine/weir |
50 |
Gray seal, Northwest North Atlantic |
U.S. Mid-Atlantic crab stop seine/weir |
2,600 |
None documented |
U.S. Mid-Atlantic mixed species stop seine/weir/pound net (except the NC roe mullet stop net) |
751 |
None documented |
DREDGE FISHERIES: |
||
Gulf of Maine mussel |
>50 |
None documented |
Gulf of Maine, U.S. Mid-Atlantic sea scallop dredge |
233 |
None documented |
U.S. Mid-Atlantic/Gulf of Mexico oyster |
7,000 |
None documented |
U.S. Mid-Atlantic offshore surf clam and quahog dredge |
100 |
None documented |
HAUL/BEACH SEINE FISHERIES: |
||
Caribbean haul/beach seine |
15 |
West Indian manatee, Antillean |
Gulf of Mexico haul/beach seine |
unknown |
None documented |
Southeastern U.S. Atlantic haul/beach seine |
25 |
None documented |
DIVE, HAND/MECHANICAL COLLECTION FISHERIES: |
||
Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean shellfish dive, hand/mechanical collection |
20,000 |
None documented |
Gulf of Maine urchin dive, hand/mechanical collection |
>50 |
None documented |
Gulf of Mexico, Southeast Atlantic, Mid-Atlantic, and Caribbean cast net |
unknown |
None documented |
COMMERCIAL PASSENGER FISHING VESSEL (CHARTER BOAT) FISHERIES: |
||
Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean commercial passenger fishing vessel |
4,000 |
Bottlenose dolphin, Eastern GMX coastal |
List of Abbreviations and Symbols Used in Table 2:
DE - Deleware; FL - Florida; GA - Georgia; GME/BF - Gulf of Maine/Bay of Fundy; GMX - Gulf of Mexico; MA - Massachusetts; NC - North Carolina; VA - Virginia; WNA - Western North Atlantic
1 - Fishery classified based on serious injuries and mortalities of this stock, which are greater than 1 percent of the stock's PBR;
2 - Fishery classified by analogy.