2009 List of Fisheries (LOF)
Table 1 - Commercial Fisheries in the Pacific Ocean
| Fishery Description | Estimated # of vessels/ persons | Marine mammal species/stocks incidentally killed/injured |
|---|---|---|
| Category I | ||
| GILLNET FISHERIES: | ||
| CA/OR thresher shark/swordfish drift gillnet (≥14 in mesh) * | 85 | California sea lion, U.S. Long-beaked common dolphin, CA Northern elephant seal, CA breeding Northern right-whale dolphin, CA/OR/WA Pacific white-sided dolphin, CA/OR/WA Risso's dolphin, CA/OR/WA Short-beaked common dolphin, CA/OR/WA Short-finned pilot whale, CA/OR/WA 1 |
| LONGLINE/SET LINE FISHERIES: | ||
| HI deep-set (tuna target) longline/set line * | 129 | Blainville's beaked whale, HI Bottlenose dolphin, HI False killer whale, HI 1 Humpback whale, Central North Pacific Risso's dolphin, HI Short-finned pilot whale, HI Spinner dolphin, HI Striped dolphin, HI |
| Category II | ||
| GILLNET FISHERIES: | ||
| CA halibut/white seabass and other species set gillnet (>3.5 in mesh) | 58 | California sea lion, U.S. 1 Harbor seal, CA 1 Long-beaked common dolphin, CA Northern elephant seal, CA breeding Sea otter, CA Short-beaked common dolphin, CA/OR/WA |
| AK Bristol Bay salmon drift gillnet 2 | 1,862 | Beluga whale, Bristol Bay Gray whale, Eastern North Pacific Harbor seal, Bering Sea Northern fur seal, Eastern Pacific Pacific white-sided dolphin, North Pacific Spotted seal, AK Steller sea lion, Western U.S. |
| AK Bristol Bay salmon set gillnet 2 | 983 | Beluga whale, Bristol Bay Gray whale, Eastern North Pacific Harbor seal, Bering Sea Northern fur seal, Eastern Pacific Spotted seal, AK |
| AK Cook Inlet salmon set gillnet | 738 | Beluga whale, Cook Inlet Dall's porpoise, AK Harbor porpoise, GOA Harbor seal, GOA Humpback whale, Central North Pacific 1 Steller sea lion, Western U.S. |
| AK Cook Inlet salmon drift gillnet | 571 | Beluga whale, Cook Inlet Dall's porpoise, AK Harbor porpoise, GOA 1 Harbor seal, GOA Steller sea lion, Western U.S. |
| AK Kodiak salmon set gillnet | 188 | Harbor porpoise, GOA 1 Harbor seal, GOA Sea otter, Southwest AK Steller sea lion, Western U.S. |
| AK Peninsula/Aleutian Islands salmon drift gillnet 2 | 162 | Dall's porpoise, AK Harbor porpoise, GOA Harbor seal, GOA Northern fur seal, Eastern Pacific |
| AK Peninsula/Aleutian Islands salmon set gillnet 2 | 115 | Harbor porpoise, Bering Sea Steller sea lion, Western U.S. |
| AK Prince William Sound salmon drift gillnet | 537 | Dall's porpoise, AK Harbor porpoise, GOA 1 Harbor seal, GOA Northern fur seal, Eastern Pacific Pacific white-sided dolphin, North Pacific Sea Otter, South Central AK Steller sea lion, Western U.S. 1 |
| AK Southeast salmon drift gillnet | 476 | Dall's porpoise, AK Harbor porpoise, Southeast AK Harbor seal, Southeast AK Humpback whale, Central North Pacific 1 Pacific white-sided dolphin, North Pacific Steller sea lion, Eastern U.S. |
| AK Yakutat salmon set gillnet 2 | 166 | Gray whale, Eastern North Pacific Harbor seal, Southeast AK Humpback whale, Central North Pacific (Southeast AK) |
| CA yellowtail, barracuda, and white seabass drift gillnet fishery (mesh size ≥3.5 in and <14 in) | 24 | California sea lion, U.S. Long-beaked common dolphin, CA 1 Short-beaked common dolphin, CA/OR/WA |
| WA Puget Sound Region salmon drift gillnet (includes all inland waters south of US-Canada border and eastward of the Bonilla-Tatoosh line-Treaty Indian fishing is excluded) | 210 | Dall's porpoise, CA/OR/WA Harbor porpoise, inland WA 1 Harbor seal, WA inland |
| PURSE SEINE FISHERIES: | ||
| AK Southeast salmon purse seine | 415 | Humpback whale, Central North Pacific 1 |
| AK Cook Inlet salmon purse seine | 82 | Humpback whale, Central North Pacific 1 |
| AK Kodiak salmon purse seine | 370 | Humpback whale, Central North Pacific 1 |
| CA anchovy, mackerel, sardine purse seine | 63 | Bottlenose dolphin, CA/OR/WA offshore 1 California sea lion, U.S. Harbor seal, CA |
| CA squid purse seine | 64 | Long-beaked common dolphin, CA Short-beaked common dolphin, CA/OR/WA Short-finned pilot whale, CA/OR/WA 1 |
| CA tuna purse seine 2 * | 10 | None documented |
| TRAWL FISHERIES: | ||
| AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands flatfish trawl | 34 | Bearded seal, AK Harbor porpoise, Bering Sea Harbor seal, Bering Sea Killer whale, AK resident 1 Northern fur seal, Eastern North Pacific Spotted seal, AK Steller sea lion, Western U.S. 1 Walrus, AK |
| AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands pollock trawl | 95 | Dall's porpoise, AK Harbor seal, AK Humpback whale, Central North Pacific 1 Humpback whale, Western North Pacific 1 Killer whale, Eastern North Pacific, GOA, Aleutian Islands, and Bering Sea transient 1 Minke whale, AK Ribbon seal, AK Spotted seal, AK Steller sea lion, Western U.S. 1 |
| LONGLINE/SET LINE FISHERIES: | ||
| HI shallow-set (swordfish target) longline/ set line * | 28 | Bottlenose dolphin, stock unknown Bryde's whale, stock unknown Humpback whale, Central North Pacific 1 Pantropical spotted dolphin, stock unknown Risso's dolphin, stock unknown Sperm whale, stock unknown |
| AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands Pacific cod longline | 54 | Killer whale, AK resident 1 Ribbon seal, AK Steller sea lion, Western U.S. |
| CA pelagic longline 2 * | 6 | California sea lion, U.S. Risso's dolphin, CA/OR/WA |
| POT, RING NET, AND TRAP FISHERIES: | ||
| AK Bering Sea sablefish pot | 6 | Humpback whale, Central North Pacific 1 Humpback whale, Western North Pacific 1 |
| CA spot prawn pot | 29 | Gray whale, Eastern North Pacific Humpback whale, CA/OR/WA 1 |
| CA Dungeness crab pot 2 | 625 | Gray whale, Eastern North Pacific Humpback whale, CA/OR/WA |
| OR Dungeness crab pot | 433 | Gray whale, Eastern North Pacific Humpback whale, CA/OR/WA 1 |
| WA/OR/CA sablefish pot | 155 | Humpback whale, CA/OR/WA 1 |
| Category III | ||
| GILLNET FISHERIES: | ||
| AK Kuskokwim, Yukon, Norton Sound, Kotzebue salmon gillnet | 824 | Harbor porpoise, Bering Sea |
| AK miscellaneous finfish set gillnet | 3 | Steller sea lion, Western U.S. |
| AK Prince William Sound salmon set gillnet | 30 | Harbor seal, GOA Steller sea lion, Western U.S. |
| AK roe herring and food/bait herring gillnet | 986 | None documented |
| CA set gillnet (mesh size <3.5 in) | 304 | None documented |
| HI inshore gillnet | 5 | Bottlenose dolphin, HI Spinner dolphin, HI |
| WA Grays Harbor salmon drift gillnet (excluding treaty Tribal fishing) | 24 | Harbor seal, OR/WA coast |
| WA/OR herring, smelt, shad, sturgeon, bottom fish, mullet, perch, rockfish gillnet | 913 | None documented |
| WA/OR lower Columbia River (includes tributaries) drift gillnet | 110 | California sea lion, U.S. Harbor seal, OR/WA coast |
| WA Willapa Bay drift gillnet | 82 | Harbor seal, OR/WA coast Northern elephant seal, CA breeding |
| PURSE SEINE, BEACH SEINE, ROUND HAUL AND THROW NET FISHERIES: | ||
| AK Metlakatla salmon purse seine | 10 | None documented |
| AK miscellaneous finfish beach seine | 1 | None documented |
| AK miscellaneous finfish purse seine | 0 | None documented |
| AK octopus/squid purse seine | 0 | None documented |
| AK roe herring and food/bait herring beach seine | 4 | None documented |
| AK roe herring and food/bait herring purse seine | 361 | None documented |
| AK salmon beach seine | 31 | None documented |
| AK salmon purse seine (excluding salmon purse seine fisheries listed as Category II) | 936 | Harbor seal, GOA |
| WA/OR sardine purse seine | 42 | None documented |
| HI Kona crab loop net | 42 | None documented |
| HI opelu/akule net | 12 | None documented |
| HI inshore purse seine | 23 | None documented |
| HI throw net, cast net | 14 | None documented |
| WA (all species) beach seine or drag seine | 235 | None documented |
| WA/OR herring, smelt, squid purse seine or lampara | 130 | None documented |
| WA salmon purse seine | 440 | None documented |
| WA salmon reef net | 53 | None documented |
| DIP NET FISHERIES: | ||
| CA squid dip net | 115 | None documented |
| WA/OR smelt, herring dip net | 119 | None documented |
| MARINE AQUACULTURE FISHERIES: | ||
| CA marine shellfish aquaculture | unknown | None documented |
| CA salmon enhancement rearing pen | >1 | None documented |
| CA white seabass enhancement net pens | 13 | California sea lion, U.S. |
| HI offshore pen culture | 2 | None documented |
| OR salmon ranch | 1 | None documented |
| WA/OR salmon net pens | 14 | California sea lion, U.S. Harbor seal, WA inland waters |
| TROLL FISHERIES: | ||
| AK North Pacific halibut, AK bottom fish, WA/OR/CA albacore, groundfish, bottom fish, CA halibut non-salmonid troll fisheries * | 1,302 (102 AK) | None documented |
| AK salmon troll | 2,045 | Steller sea lion, Eastern U.S. Steller sea lion, Western U.S. |
| American Samoa tuna troll | <50 | None documented |
| CA/OR/WA salmon troll | 4,300 | None documented |
| Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands tuna troll | 88 | None documented |
| Guam tuna troll | 401 | None documented |
| HI trolling, rod and reel | 1,321 | None documented |
| LONGLINE/SET LINE FISHERIES: | ||
| AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands Greenland turbot longline | 29 | Killer whale, AK resident |
| AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands rockfish longline | 0 | None documented |
| AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands sablefish longline | 28 | None documented |
| AK Gulf of Alaska halibut longline | 1,302 | None documented |
| AK Gulf of Alaska Pacific cod longline | 440 | None documented |
| AK Gulf of Alaska rockfish longline | 0 | None documented |
| AK Gulf of Alaska sablefish longline | 291 | Sperm whale, North Pacific Steller sea lion, Eastern U.S. |
| AK halibut longline/set line (State and Federal waters) | 2,521 | Steller sea lion, Western U.S. |
| AK octopus/squid longline | 2 | None documented |
| AK State-managed waters longline/setline (including sablefish, rockfish, lingcod, and miscellaneous finfish) | 1,448 | None documented |
| American Samoa longline | 60 | None documented |
| WA/OR/CA groundfish, bottomfish longline/set line | 367 | None documented |
| WA/OR North Pacific halibut longline/set line | 350 | None documented |
| TRAWL FISHERIES: | ||
| AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands Atka mackerel trawl | 9 | Steller sea lion, Western U.S. |
| AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands Pacific cod trawl | 93 | Harbor seal, Bering Sea Steller sea lion, Western U.S. |
| AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands rockfish trawl | 10 | None documented |
| AK Gulf of Alaska flatfish trawl | 41 | None documented |
| AK Gulf of Alaska Pacific cod trawl | 62 | Steller sea lion, Western U.S. |
| AK Gulf of Alaska pollock trawl | 62 | Fin whale, Northeast Pacific Northern elephant seal, North Pacific Steller sea lion, Western U.S. |
| AK Gulf of Alaska rockfish trawl | 34 | None documented |
| AK food/bait herring trawl | 4 | None documented |
| AK miscellaneous finfish otter or beam trawl | 317 | None documented |
| AK shrimp otter trawl and beam trawl (statewide and Cook Inlet) | 32 | None documented |
| AK State-managed waters of Cook Inlet, Kachemak Bay, Prince William Sound, Southeast AK groundfish trawl | 2 | None documented |
| CA halibut bottom trawl | 53 | None documented |
| WA/OR/CA groundfish trawl | 160-180 | California sea lion, U.S. Dall's porpoise, CA/OR/WA Harbor seal, OR/WA coast Northern fur seal, Eastern Pacific Pacific white-sided dolphin, CA/OR/WA Steller sea lion, Eastern U.S. |
| WA/OR/CA shrimp trawl | 300 | None documented |
| POT, RING NET, AND TRAP FISHERIES: | ||
| AK statewide miscellaneous finfish pot | 293 | None documented |
| AK Aleutian Islands sablefish pot | 8 | None documented |
| AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands Pacific cod pot | 68 | None documented |
| AK Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands crab pot | 297 | None documented |
| AK Gulf of Alaska crab pot | 300 | None documented |
| AK Gulf of Alaska Pacific cod pot | 154 | Harbor seal, GOA |
| AK Southeast Alaska crab pot | 433 | Humpback whale, Central North Pacific (Southeast AK) |
| AK Southeast Alaska shrimp pot | 283 | Humpback whale, Central North Pacific (Southeast AK) |
| AK shrimp pot, except Southeast | 15 | None documented |
| AK octopus/squid pot | 27 | None documented |
| AK snail pot | 1 | None documented |
| CA spiny lobster, coonstripe shrimp, rock crab, tanner crab pot or trap | 530 | Gray whale, Eastern North Pacific Harbor seal, CA |
| OR/CA hagfish pot or trap | 54 | None documented |
| WA Dungeness crab pot | 288 | Gray whale, Eastern North Pacific |
| WA/OR shrimp pot/trap | 254 | None documented |
| HI crab trap | 22 | None documented |
| HI fish trap | 19 | None documented |
| HI lobster trap | 0 | Hawaiian monk seal |
| HI shrimp trap | 5 | None documented |
| HANDLINE AND JIG FISHERIES: | ||
| AK miscellaneous finfish handline/hand troll and mechanical jig | 445 | None documented |
| AK North Pacific halibut handline/hand troll and mechanical jig | 228 | None documented |
| AK octopus/squid handline | 0 | None documented |
| American Samoa bottomfish | <50 | None documented |
| Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands bottomfish | <50 | None documented |
| Guam bottomfish | 200 | None documented |
| HI aku boat, pole and line | 4 | None documented |
| HI Main Hawaiian Islands, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands deep sea bottomfish | 300 | Hawaiian monk seal |
| HI inshore handline | 307 | None documented |
| HI tuna handline | 298 | None documented |
| WA groundfish, bottomfish jig | 679 | None documented |
| Western Pacific squid jig | 6 | None documented |
| HARPOON FISHERIES: | ||
| CA swordfish harpoon | 30 | None documented |
| POUND NET/WEIR FISHERIES: | ||
| AK herring spawn on kelp pound net | 415 | None documented |
| AK Southeast herring roe/food/bait pound net | 6 | None documented |
| WA herring brush weir | 1 | None documented |
| BAIT PENS: | ||
| WA/OR/CA bait pens | 13 | California sea lion, U.S. |
| DREDGE FISHERIES: | ||
| Coastwide scallop dredge | 108 (12 AK) | None documented |
| DIVE, HAND/MECHANICAL COLLECTION FISHERIES: | ||
| AK abalone | 0 | None documented |
| AK clam | 156 | None documented |
| WA herring spawn on kelp | 4 | None documented |
| AK dungeness crab | 2 | None documented |
| AK herring spawn on kelp | 266 | None documented |
| AK urchin and other fish/shellfish | 570 | None documented |
| CA abalone | 0 | None documented |
| CA sea urchin | 583 | None documented |
| HI black coral diving | 1 | None documented |
| HI fish pond | N/A | None documented |
| HI handpick | 37 | None documented |
| HI lobster diving | 19 | None documented |
| HI squiding, spear | 91 | None documented |
| WA/CA kelp | 4 | None documented |
| WA/OR sea urchin, other clam, octopus, oyster, sea cucumber, scallop, ghost shrimp hand, dive, or mechanical collection | 637 | None documented |
| WA shellfish aquaculture | 684 | None documented |
| COMMERCIAL PASSENGER FISHING VESSEL (CHARTER BOAT) FISHERIES: | ||
| AK/WA/OR/CA commercial passenger fishing vessel | >7,000 (2,702 AK) | Killer whale, stock unknown Steller sea lion, Eastern U.S. Steller sea lion, Western U.S. |
| HI charter vessel | 114 | None documented |
| LIVE FINFISH/SHELLFISH FISHERIES: | ||
| CA nearshore finfish live trap/hook-and-line | 93 | None documented |
List of Abbreviations and Symbols Used in Table 1:
- AK - Alaska
- CA - California
- GOA - Gulf of Alaska
- HI - Hawaii
- OR - Oregon
- WA - Washington
1 Fishery classified based on serious injuries and mortalities of this stock, which are greater than 50 percent (Category I) or greater than 1 percent and less than 50 percent (Category II) of the stock's PBR
2 Fishery classified by analogy
* Fishery has an associated high seas component listed in Table 3.
Table 2 - Commercial Fisheries in the Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean
| Fishery Description | Estimated # of vessels/ persons | Marine mammal species/stocks incidentally killed/injured |
|---|---|---|
| Category I | ||
| GILLNET FISHERIES: | ||
| Mid-Atlantic gillnet | >670 | Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal 1 Bottlenose dolphin, WNA offshore Common dolphin, WNA Gray seal, WNA Harbor porpoise, GME/BF 1 Harbor seal, WNA Harp seal, WNA Humpback whale, Gulf of Maine 1 Long-finned pilot whale, WNA Minke whale, Canadian east coast Short-finned pilot whale, WNA White-sided dolphin, WNA |
| Northeast sink gillnet | 341 | Bottlenose dolphin, WNA offshore Common dolphin, WNA Fin whale, WNA Gray seal, WNA Harbor porpoise, GME/BF 1 Harbor seal, WNA Harp seal, WNA Hooded seal, WNA Humpback whale, Gulf of Maine 1 Minke whale, Canadian east coast 1 North Atlantic right whale, WNA 1 Risso's dolphin, WNA White-sided dolphin, WNA |
| LONGLINE FISHERIES: | ||
| Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico large pelagics longline * | 94 | Atlantic spotted dolphin, Northern GMX Atlantic spotted dolphin, WNA Bottlenose dolphin, Northern GMX oceanic Bottlenose dolphin, Northern GMX continental shelf Bottlenose dolphin, WNA offshore Common dolphin, WNA Cuvier's beaked whale, WNA Long-finned pilot whale, WNA 1 Mesoplodon beaked whale, WNA Northern bottlenose whale, WNA Pantropical spotted dolphin, Northern GMX Pantropical spotted dolphin, WNA Pygmy sperm whale, WNA 1 Risso's dolphin, Northern GMX Risso's dolphin, WNA Short-finned pilot whale, Northern GMX Short-finned pilot whale, WNA 1 |
| TRAP/POT FISHERIES: | ||
| Northeast/Mid-Atlantic American lobster trap/pot | 13,000 | Fin whale, WNA Harbor seal, WNA Humpback whale, Gulf of Maine 1 Minke whale, Canadian east coast 1 North Atlantic right whale, WNA 1 |
| Category II | ||
| GILLNET FISHERIES: | ||
| Chesapeake Bay inshore gillnet 2 | 45 | None documented |
| Gulf of Mexico gillnet 2 | 724 | Bottlenose dolphin, Eastern GMX coastal Bottlenose dolphin, GMX bay, sound, and estuarine Bottlenose dolphin, Northern GMX coastal Bottlenose dolphin, Western GMX coastal |
| NC inshore gillnet | 94 | Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal 1 |
| Northeast anchored float gillnet 2 | 133 | Harbor seal, WNA Humpback whale, Gulf of Maine White-sided dolphin, WNA |
| Northeast drift gillnet 2 | unknown | None documented |
| Southeast Atlantic gillnet 2 | 779 | Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal |
| Southeastern U.S. Atlantic shark gillnet | 30 | Atlantic spotted dolphin, WNA Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal 1 North Atlantic right whale, WNA |
| TRAWL FISHERIES: | ||
| Mid-Atlantic mid-water trawl (including pair trawl) | 620 | Bottlenose dolphin, WNA offshore Common dolphin, WNA Long-finned pilot whale, WNA Risso's dolphin, WNA Short-finned pilot whale, WNA White-sided dolphin, WNA 1 |
| Mid-Atlantic bottom trawl | >1,000 | Common dolphin, WNA 1 Long-finned pilot whale, WNA 1 Short-finned pilot whale, WNA 1 White-sided dolphin, WNA |
| Mid-Atlantic flynet 2 | 21 | None documented |
| Northeast mid-water trawl (including pair trawl) | 17 | Harbor seal, WNA Long-finned pilot whale, WNA 1 Short-finned pilot whale, WNA 1 White-sided dolphin, WNA |
| Northeast bottom trawl | 1,052 | Common dolphin, WNA Harbor seal, WNA Harp seal, WNA Long-finned pilot whale, WNA Short-finned pilot whale, WNA White-sided dolphin, WNA 1 |
| TRAP/POT FISHERIES: | ||
| Atlantic blue crab trap/pot | >16,000 | Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal 1 West Indian manatee, FL 1 |
| Atlantic mixed species trap/pot 2 | unknown | Fin whale, WNA Humpback whale, Gulf of Maine |
| PURSE SEINE FISHERIES: | ||
| Gulf of Mexico menhaden purse seine | 40-42 | Bottlenose dolphin, Eastern GMX coastal Bottlenose dolphin, GMX bay, sound, estuarine Bottlenose dolphin, Northern GMX coastal 1 Bottlenose dolphin, Western GMX coastal 1 |
| Mid-Atlantic menhaden purse seine 2 | 22 | Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal |
| HAUL/BEACH SEINE FISHERIES: | ||
| Mid-Atlantic haul/beach seine | 25 | Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal 1 |
| NC long haul seine | 33 | Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal 1 |
| STOP NET FISHERIES: | ||
| NC roe mullet stop net | 13 | Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal 1 |
| POUND NET FISHERIES: | ||
| VA pound net | 187 | Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal 1 |
| Category III | ||
| GILLNET FISHERIES: | ||
| Caribbean gillnet | >991 | Dwarf sperm whale, WNA West Indian manatee, Antillean |
| DE River inshore gillnet | 60 | None documented |
| Long Island Sound inshore gillnet | 20 | None documented |
| RI, southern MA (to Monomoy Island), and NY Bight (Raritan and Lower NY Bays) inshore gillnet | 32 | None documented |
| Southeast Atlantic inshore gillnet | unknown | None documented |
| TRAWL FISHERIES: | ||
| Atlantic shellfish bottom trawl | 972 | None documented |
| Gulf of Mexico butterfish trawl | 2 | Bottlenose dolphin, Northern GMX oceanic Bottlenose dolphin, Northern GMX continental shelf |
| Gulf of Mexico mixed species trawl | 20 | None documented |
| GA cannonball jellyfish trawl | 1 | None documented |
| Southeastern U.S. Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico shrimp trawl | >18,000 | Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal Bottlenose dolphin, Eastern GMX coastal Bottlenose dolphin, Western GMX coastal Bottlenose dolphin, GMX bay, sound, estuarine West Indian Manatee, FL |
| MARINE AQUACULTURE FISHERIES: | ||
| Finfish aquaculture | 48 | Harbor seal, WNA |
| Shellfish aquaculture | unknown | None documented |
| PURSE SEINE FISHERIES: | ||
| Gulf of Maine Atlantic herring purse seine | 30 | Harbor seal, WNA Gray seal, WNA |
| Gulf of Maine menhaden purse seine | 50 | None documented |
| FL West Coast sardine purse seine | 10 | Bottlenose dolphin, Eastern GMX coastal |
| U.S. Atlantic tuna purse seine * | 5 | Long-finned pilot whale, WNA Short-finned pilot whale, WNA |
| LONGLINE/HOOK-AND-LINE FISHERIES: | ||
| Northeast/Mid-Atlantic bottom longline/hook-and-line | 46 | None documented |
| Gulf of Maine , U.S. Mid-Atlantic tuna, shark swordfish hook-and-line/harpoon | 26,223 | Humpback whale, Gulf of Maine |
| Southeastern U.S. Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean snapper-grouper and other reef fish bottom longline/hook-and-line | >5,000 | None documented |
| Southeastern U.S. Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico shark bottom longline/hook-and-line | <125 | Bottlenose dolphin, Eastern GMX coastal Bottlenose dolphin, Northern GMX continental shelf |
| Southeastern U.S. Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean pelagic hook-and-line/harpoon | 1,446 | None documented |
| U.S. Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico trotline | unknown | None documented |
| TRAP/POT FISHERIES | ||
| Caribbean mixed species trap/pot | >501 | None documented |
| Caribbean spiny lobster trap/pot | >197 | None documented |
| FL spiny lobster trap/pot | 2,145 | Bottlenose dolphin, Eastern GMX coastal Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal |
| Gulf of Mexico blue crab trap/pot | 4,113 | Bottlenose dolphin, Western GMX coastal Bottlenose dolphin, Northern GMX coastal Bottlenose dolphin, Eastern GMX coastal Bottlenose dolphin, GMX Bay, Sound, & Estuarine West Indian manatee, FL |
| Gulf of Mexico mixed species trap/pot | unknown | None documented |
| Southeastern U.S. Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico golden crab trap/pot | 10 | None documented |
| Southeastern U.S. Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico stone crab trap/pot | 4,453 | Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal |
| U.S. Mid-Atlantic eel trap/pot | >700 | None documented |
| STOP SEINE/WEIR/POUND NET FISHERIES: | ||
| Gulf of Maine herring and Atlantic mackerel stop seine/weir | 50 | Gray seal, Northwest North Atlantic Harbor porpoise, GME/BF Harbor seal, WNA Minke whale, Canadian East Coast White-sided dolphin, WNA |
| U.S. Mid-Atlantic crab stop seine/weir | 2,600 | None documented |
| U.S. Mid-Atlantic mixed species stop seine/weir/pound net (except the NC roe mullet stop net) | 751 | None documented |
| DREDGE FISHERIES: | ||
| Gulf of Maine mussel | >50 | None documented |
| Gulf of Maine , U.S. Mid-Atlantic sea scallop dredge | 233 | None documented |
| U.S. Mid-Atlantic/Gulf of Mexico oyster | 7,000 | None documented |
| U.S. Mid-Atlantic offshore surf clam and quahog dredge | 100 | None documented |
| HAUL/BEACH SEINE FISHERIES: | ||
| Caribbean haul/beach seine | 15 | West Indian manatee, Antillean |
| Gulf of Mexico haul/beach seine | unknown | None documented |
| Southeastern U.S. Atlantic haul/beach seine | 25 | None documented |
| DIVE, HAND/MECHANICAL COLLECTION FISHERIES: | ||
| Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean shellfish dive, hand/mechanical collection | 20,000 | None documented |
| Gulf of Maine urchin dive, hand/mechanical collection | >50 | None documented |
| Gulf of Mexico, Southeast Atlantic, Mid-Atlantic, and Caribbean cast net | unknown | None documented |
| COMMERCIAL PASSENGER FISHING VESSEL (CHARTER BOAT) FISHERIES: | ||
| Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean commercial passenger fishing vessel | 4,000 | Bottlenose dolphin, Eastern GMX coastal Bottlenose dolphin, Northern GMX coastal Bottlenose dolphin, Western GMX coastal Bottlenose dolphin, WNA coastal |
List of Abbreviations and Symbols Used in Table 2:
- DE - Delaware
- FL - Florida
- GA - Georgia
- GME/BF - Gulf of Maine/Bay of Fundy
- GMX - Gulf of Mexico
- MA - Massachusetts
- NC - North Carolina
- VA - Virginia
- WNA - Western North Atlantic
1 Fishery classified based on serious injuries and mortalities of this stock, which are greater than 50 percent (Category I) or greater than 1 percent and less than 50 percent (Category II) of the stock's PBR
2 Fishery classified by analogy
* Fishery has an associated high seas component listed in Table 3.
Table 3: List of Fisheries Commercial Fisheries on the High Seas
| Fishery Description | # of HSFCA permits | Marine mammal species/stocks incidentally killed/injured |
|---|---|---|
| Category I | ||
| DRIFT GILLNET FISHERIES: | ||
| Pacific Highly Migratory Species * ^ | 5 | Long-beaked common dolphin, CA Northern right-whale dolphin, CA/OR/WA Pacific white-sided dolphin, CA/OR/WA Risso's dolphin, CA/OR/WA Short-beaked common dolphin, CA/OR/WA Short-finned pilot whale, CA/OR/WA |
| LONGLINE FISHERIES: | ||
| Atlantic Highly Migratory Species * + | 75 | Atlantic spotted dolphin, WNA Bottlenose dolphin, Northern GMX oceanic Bottlenose dolphin, WNA offshore Common dolphin, WNA Cuvier's beaked whale, WNA Long-finned pilot whale, WNA Mesoplodon beaked whale, WNA Pygmy sperm whale, WNA Risso's dolphin, WNA Short-finned pilot whale, WNA |
| Western Pacific Pelagic (Deep-set component) * ^ | 129 | Blainville's beaked whale, HI Bottlenose dolphin, HI False killer whale, HI Humpback whale, Central North Pacific Risso's dolphin, HI Short-finned pilot whale, HI Spinner dolphin, HI Striped dolphin, HI |
| Category II | ||
| DRIFT GILLNET FISHERIES: | ||
| Atlantic Highly Migratory Species | 1 | Undetermined |
| Unspecified | 1 | Undetermined |
| GILLNET NEI FISHERIES: | ||
| Pacific Highly Migratory Species | 1 | Undetermined |
| TRAWL FISHERIES: | ||
| Atlantic Highly Migratory Species ** | 3 | Undetermined |
| Pacific Highly Migratory Species ** | 14 | Undetermined |
| CCAMLR | 0 | Antarctic fur seal |
| South Pacific Albacore Troll | 5 | Undetermined |
| Western Pacific Pelagic | 11 | Undetermined |
| Unspecified | 22 | Undetermined |
| PURSE SEINE FISHERIES: | ||
| Pacific Highly Migratory Species * ^ | 5 | None documented |
| South Pacific Albacore Troll | 1 | Undetermined |
| South Pacific Tuna Fisheries | 23 | Undetermined |
| Western Pacific Pelagic | 4 | Undetermined |
| POT VESSEL FISHERIES: | ||
| Pacific Highly Migratory Species ** | 8 | Undetermined |
| South Pacific Albacore Troll | 5 | Undetermined |
| Western Pacific Pelagic | 8 | Undetermined |
| LONGLINE FISHERIES: | ||
| CCAMLR | 0 | None documented |
| Pacific Highly Migratory Species * + | 56 | Risso's dolphin, CA/OR/WA |
| South Pacific Albacore Troll | 12 | Undetermined |
| South Pacific Tuna Fisheries ** | 2 | Undetermined |
| Western Pacific Pelagic (Shallow-set component) * ^ | 28 | Bottlenose dolphin, stock unknown Bryde's whale, stock unknown Humpback whale, Central North Pacific Pantropical spotted dolphin, stock unknown Risso's dolphin, stock unknown Sperm whale, stock unknown |
| Unspecified | 4 | Undetermined |
| HANDLINE/POLE AND LINE FISHERIES: | ||
| Atlantic Highly Migratory Species | 2 | Undetermined |
| Pacific Highly Migratory Species | 18 | Undetermined |
| South Pacific Albacore Troll | 7 | Undetermined |
| Western Pacific Pelagic | 8 | Undetermined |
| SEINE-HANDLINE FISHERIES: | ||
| Pacific Highly Migratory Species | 1 | Undetermined |
| TROLL FISHERIES: | ||
| Atlantic Highly Migratory Species | 5 | Undetermined |
| South Pacific Albacore Troll | 45 | Undetermined |
| South Pacific Tuna Fisheries ** | 1 | Undetermined |
| Western Pacific Pelagic | 44 | Undetermined |
| Unspecified | 9 | Undetermined |
| LINERS NEI FISHERIES: | ||
| Pacific Highly Migratory Species ** | 3 | Undetermined |
| South Pacific Albacore Troll | 1 | Undetermined |
| Western Pacific Pelagic | 2 | Undetermined |
| DREDGE FISHERIES: | ||
| Unspecified | 2 | Undetermined |
| FACTORY MOTHERSHIP FISHERIES: | ||
| Western Pacific Pelagic | 1 | Undetermined |
| MULTIPURPOSE VESSELS NEI FISHERIES: | ||
| Atlantic Highly Migratory Species | 1 | Undetermined |
| Pacific Highly Migratory Species ** | 9 | Undetermined |
| South Pacific Albacore Troll | 6 | Undetermined |
| Western Pacific Pelagic | 7 | Undetermined |
| FISHING VESSELS NEI FISHERIES: | ||
| Pacific Highly Migratory Species ** | 2 | Undetermined |
| South Pacific Albacore Troll | 1 | Undetermined |
| Western Pacific Pelagic | 2 | Undetermined |
| Category III | ||
| TROLL FISHERIES: | ||
| Pacific Highly Migratory Species * | 222 | None documented |
| PURSE SEINE FISHERIES: | ||
| Atlantic Highly Migratory Species * ^ | 1 | Long-finned pilot whales, WNA Short finned pilot whales, WNA |
List of Terms, Abbreviations, and Symbols Used in Table 3:
- GMX- Gulf of Mexico
- NEI - Not Elsewhere Identified
- Unspecified - Identifies the number of valid high seas permits for a fishery that, as of 2004, is no longer authorized under the HSFCA - High Seas Fishery Compliance Act. Once these permits expire (valid for 5 years), fishers will be required to obtain a permit for one of the seven currently authorized HSFCA fisheries to continue fishing on the high seas.
- WNA - Western North Atlantic
* Fishery is an extension/component of an existing fishery operating within U.S. waters listed in Table 1 or 2. The number of permits listed in Table 3 represents only the number of permits for the high seas component of the fishery.
** These gear types are not authorized under the Pacific HMS FMP (2004), the Atlantic HMS FMP (2006), or without a South Pacific Tuna Treaty license (in the case of the South Pacific Tuna fisheries). Because HSFCA permits are valid for five years, permits obtained in past years exist in the HSFCA permit database for gear types that are now unauthorized. Therefore, while HSFCA permits exist for these gear types, it does not represent effort. In order to land fish species, fishers must be using an authorized gear type. Once these permits for unauthorized gear types expire, the permit-holder will be required to obtain a permit for an authorized gear type.
+ The marine mammal species or stock listed as killed/injured in this fishery has been observed taken by this fishery on the high seas.
^ The list of marine mammal species killed/injured in this fishery is identical to the list of marine mammal species killed/injured in U.S. waters component of the fishery, minus coastal stocks, because the marine mammal species are also found on the high seas and the fishery remains the same on both sides of the EEZ boundary. Therefore, the high seas components of these fisheries pose the same risk to marine mammals as the fisheries operating in U.S. waters.
Table 4 - Fisheries Affected by Take Reduction Teams and Plans
| Take Reduction Plans | Affected Fisheries |
|---|---|
| Atlantic Large Whale Take Reduction Plan (ALWTRP) - 50 CFR 229.32 | Category I Mid-Atlantic gillnet Northeast/Mid-Atlantic American lobster trap/pot Northeast sink gillnet Category II Atlantic blue crab trap/pot Atlantic mixed species trap/pot Northeast anchored float gillnet Northeast drift gillnet Southeast Atlantic gillnet Southeastern U.S. Atlantic shark gillnet* |
| Bottlenose Dolphin Take Reduction Plan (BDTRP) - 50 CFR 229.35 | Category I Mid-Atlantic gillnet Category II Atlantic blue crab trap/pot Mid-Atlantic haul/beach seine NC inshore gillnet NC long haul seine NC roe mullet stop net Southeast Atlantic gillnet Southeastern U.S. Atlantic shark gillnet VA pound net |
| Harbor Porpoise Take Reduction Plan (HPTRP) - 50 CFR 229.33 and 229.34 | Category I Mid-Atlantic gillnet Northeast sink gillnet |
| Pacific Offshore Cetacean Take Reduction Plan (POCTRP) - 50 CFR 229.31 | Category I CA/OR thresher shark/swordfish drift gillnet (≥14 in mesh) |
| Take Reduction Teams | Affected Fisheries |
| Pelagic Longline Take Reduction Team (PLTRT) | Category I Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico large pelagics longline |
| Atlantic Trawl Gear Take Reduction Team (ATGTRT) | Category II Mid-Atlantic Bottom Trawl Mid-Atlantic Mid-Water Trawl (Including Pair Trawl) Northeast Bottom Trawl Northeast Mid-Water Trawl (Including Pair Trawl) |
* Only applicable to portion of fishery in U.S. waters.
For a description of each Take Reduction Team and copies of Take Reduction Plans, access: http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/interactions/trt/
